Boston Terrier
Non-Sporting Group (AKC) · United States — developed in Boston, Massachusetts in the late 19th century by crossing the English Bulldog and the now-extinct English White Terrier. · Small
Also known as: American Gentleman, Boston Bull, Boston Bull Terrier
Breed Group
Non-Sporting Group (AKC)
Size
Small
Height
15-17 inches at the shoulder for both males and females
Weight
Typically divided into weight classes: Under 15 pounds, 15 to under 20 pounds, and 20-25 pounds
Life Expectancy
11-13 years
Origin
United States — developed in Boston, Massachusetts in the late 19th century by crossing the English Bulldog and the now-extinct English White Terrier.
Energy Level
Moderate — enjoys daily walks and play sessions but easily adapts to the energy level of its owner.
Trainability
Highly Trainable — eager to please and quick to learn new commands when positive reinforcement methods are used.
Description
The Boston Terrier is a lively, highly intelligent, and affectionate small dog known as the American Gentleman because of its tuxedo-like markings and refined demeanor. With a compact, well-proportioned body, short tail, and expressive dark eyes set in a square head, this breed combines spirited energy with a gentle and loving nature, making it an exceptional companion for various living environments.
Key Features
Square head, short muzzle with minimal wrinkles, large and alert dark round eyes, erect bat-like ears, compact and sturdy body, and distinctive tuxedo-like white markings on a dark coat.
Coat Type
Short, smooth, bright, and fine with a fine texture requiring minimal maintenance and featuring low shedding.
Coat Colors
Black, brindle, or seal (black that appears reddish in the sun) with distinct white markings typically including a muzzle band, blaze between the eyes, and a white chest.
Temperament
Friendly, highly intelligent, affectionate, lively, and gentle with an even disposition and a great sense of humor.
Good with Children
Excellent — known for being gentle, sturdy enough for playful interaction, and very patient with kids.
Good with Other Dogs
Good — generally social and friendly toward other dogs and household pets when properly socialized.
Grooming Needs
Low — weekly brushing with a soft bristle brush, occasional baths, regular nail trimming, and routine cleaning of facial wrinkles.
Exercise Requirements
Moderate — daily walks and interactive indoor play sessions are sufficient to keep them physically fit and mentally stimulated.
Health Considerations
Brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome, eye issues like cataracts and corneal ulcers, and patellar luxation; recommended screenings include ophthalmological and patella evaluations.
Living Conditions
Extremely adaptable; well-suited for apartment living as well as houses with yards, though they are sensitive to extreme heat and cold due to their brachycephalic nature and must primarily live indoors as house pets.
History & Origin
Originating in Boston, Massachusetts around 1870, the breed was created by crossing bulldogs with the white English terrier to produce a fierce pit fighter. Over time, selective breeding transformed the formidable fighter into a smaller, gentle, and affectionate companion. It was officially recognized by the AKC in 1893 as one of the first truly American breeds.
Interesting Facts
The Boston Terrier was the very first American-bred dog breed recognized by the AKC. It is also the official mascot of Boston University, and famous owners include several U.S. presidents such as Gerald Ford.
Similar Breeds
French Bulldog and English Bulldog; the Boston Terrier is distinguished from the French Bulldog by its finer bone structure, longer legs, flatter skull top, and sharper tuxedo markings, and from the English Bulldog by its much smaller size and lighter build.